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        • 1.1.1 Singleton Pattern
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        • 1.1.4 Observer Pattern
        • 1.1.5 Proxty Pattern & Proxy Server
        • 1.1.8 Model-View-Controller Pattern
        • 1.2.1 Declarative and Functional Programming
        • 1.2.2 Object Oriented Programming
      • Ch2. Network
        • 2.2.1 TCP/IP Four-Layer Model
        • 2.2.1-1 TCP 3, 4 way handshake
        • 2.3 Network Devices L4, L7
        • 2.4.1 ARP, RARP
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      • Ch3. Operating System
        • 3.1.1 Roles and Structure of Operating Systems
        • 3.2.1 Memory Hierarchy
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        • 3.3.1 Processes and Compilation Process
        • 3.3.3 Memory Structure of a Process
        • 3.3.4 Process Control Block (PCB)
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        • 3.3.7 Shared Resources and Critical Sections
        • 3.3.8 Deadlock
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      • Item 1. Consider Static Factory Methods Instead of Constructors
      • Item 2. Consider a Builder When Faced with Many Constructor Parameters
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      • Item 4. Enforce Noninstantiability with a Private Constructor
      • Item 5. Prefer Dependency Injection to Hardwiring Resources
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      • Item 8. Avoid Finalizers and Cleaners
      • Item 9.Prefer try-with-resources to try-finally
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        • Always Override toString
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      • Item16. Accessor Methods Over Public Fields
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      • Item19. Design and Document for Inheritance, or Else Prohibit It
      • Item20. Prefer Interfaces to Abstract Classes
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        • Ver1. Ch2. Observer Pattern
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        • Ch3. Decorator Pattern
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      • Context switching
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      • Week1 OS & How Computer Systems Work
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      • Week2(1/3) Application Layer Protocol - HTTP
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  • DNS가 뭔가요?
  • DNS 작동 방식
  • DNS 질의의 종류에 대해 설명해주세요
  • DNS 계층의 이름들이 뭔가요?
  • DNS 서버에서 IP 주소를 요청할 때, 왜 UDP를 사용하나요?
  • DNS 레코드가 뭔가요?
  1. NETWORK
  2. Network Questions

Week2(3/3) Application Layer Protocol - DNS

Domain Name System

DNS가 뭔가요?

  • 도메인 이름을 IP 주소로 변환해주는 분산형 데이터베이스 시스템

  • 도메인 이름을 IP주소로 변환해줍니다.

  • 로컬 호스트 파일과 브라우저 캐시를 확인하여 해당 도메인의 IP 주소가 있는지 확인

  • 재귀적(recursive, dns resolver. 클->리졸버), 반복적(iterative 리졸버->DNS) 방식으로 이루어집니다.

  • A: IPv4, AAAA: IPv6, CNAME: 다음 DNS주소

DNS 작동 방식

  • 사용자가 도메인 이름을 입력합니다

  • 로컬 호스트 파일과 운영체제의 DNS 캐시를 확인합니다.

  • DNS 리졸버에 질의를 보냅니다.

  • DNS리졸버는 각각 Recursive, Iterative 방식으로 질의가 되며, 결과 IP를 반환합니다.

  • 브라우저 캐시 확인 -> 운영체제 hosts 파일 확인 -> 운영체제의 DNS 캐시 확인

  • 둘다 혼합해서 사용. 브라우저 입장에서는 Recursive가 되지만, DNS리졸버 입장에서는 Iterative가 된다.

DNS 질의의 종류에 대해 설명해주세요

Iterative

  • 루트 DNS 서버에 질의 후, Top level Domain 서버의 주소를 제공

  • 리졸버는 Iterative방식으로 루트 DNS -> TLD DNS -> 권한있는 네임서버 순으로 질의하여 해당 도메인의 권한 있는 DNS 서버의 주소를 받습니다.

Recursive

  • 클라이언트가 로컬 DNS 리졸버에게 재귀적 질의를 보내면, 로컬 리졸버가 대신 반복적으로 질의를 진행하는 방식

DNS 계층의 이름들이 뭔가요?

  • Root - 가장 상단

  • TLD(Top Level Domain) - Root 다음

  • SLD(Second Level Domain)

  • Subdomain

  • Host순.

  • Authoritative Name Server - IP를 반환할 수 있어서 더 이상 Iterative 안해도되는 서버.

DNS 서버에서 IP 주소를 요청할 때, 왜 UDP를 사용하나요?

  • 간단한 요청-응답 패턴이고 속도와 효율성 떄문 (핸드쉐이크X)

  • 응답을 못받거나, 응답데이터가 512바이트를 초과할때 TCP로 전환

DNS 레코드가 뭔가요?

  • DNS 서버에 저장되는 도메인 이름과 관련된 정보를 저장하는 데이터 항목

  • 특정 도메인 이름에 어떤 IP 주소가 할당되어 있는지(A Record), 또는 다른 도메인으로 리다이렉트할지(CNAME Record) 등 여러 가지 정보를 관리하는 것이 DNS 레코드

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Last updated 4 months ago